System of control.



H. D. JAMES.

SYSTEM 01' UON'I'BOL.

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917,868. Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

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. 'ter switch.

-the direction of rotation o the motor has come UNITED strA'rns PATENTOFFICE.

HENRY D. JAMES, 013 PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORTO WESTINGHOUSEELECTRIC 1!: MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Specification 01' Letters Patent.

Patented April 13, 1909- Applicatlon filed June 2, 1806. Boris! No.263,475.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Henry D. J mus, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of Pittsburg, in the count of Allegheny :Llld State ofPennsylvania, eve invented a new and useful l m movement in Systems ofControl, of which t 1e following is a specification.

My invention relates to electric systems of control, and it has for itsobject to provide an improved system of control for electric motorsemployed for elevator operation and for similar purposes.

My invention consists in providing a pinrnlity of switches which havetwo circuitclosing positions, that may be designated as power andbraking positions, and which establish the motor armature circuit foreither forward or backward rotation, according as the one or the otheroccupies its power position. When both of the switches occupy theirbraking positions, the motor armature is connected in closed circuitwith a suitable resistance and a d namio brake is thus provided. Thesw-itc res are severally provided with twoposition interlocking switcheswhich prevent closin of both switches si multuneousl and winch close thecircuitof a magnet winding that releases the niechuir ioal brakes.

My invention consists further in provid ing a relay switch correspondingto each of the direction-controlling switches, the circuits of the ocrating magnet windings of the relay switc ies being governed by a mes-The relay switches serve to prevent simultaneous operation of both ofthe circuit-closing switc res and are also pro vided with retnininmagnet windings connected in shunt to the armature circuit that preventinterruption of the shunt field circuit of the motor while the armature15 still revolving at an appreciable speed, and also revent o eration ofthe direction-controlhes for the purpose of reversm the motors unti torest, or nearly so.

also in providing a mg switc My invention consists novel means forremoving the resistance from the motor circuit in gredations, such meanscomprising a plurality of mam switches, the first one of which is closedwhen.

is operated and the reare closed in succession,

the master switch mainder of which curried b ,Eeositions shown in thedrawing,

to the remainder of us the counter electrolnotive force of the motorrises, by having their operating magnot windings connected successivelyin series by means of interlocking switches that are the main switches.Means are also provided for preventin first main switch unless all 0 theother main switches are open, thereby preventing completion of the motorcircuit without including; all of the regulating resistance, which mightoccur If one or more of the main switches should not operate freely.

The siiwle figure of the accompanying drawing illiistmtcs a systemembodying my invention.

The system comprises, as its principal ele ments, in motor 1 thatderivesenergy from suplply conductors 2 and 3, switches at and 5 tint areadapted to connect armature 6 of the motor for forward and for backwardrotation, respectively, a master switch 7 and ieley switches 8 zind 9that are controlled by the master switch and that control the operationof the switches at and 5 and the circuit connections of field megnetwinding 10 of motor 1, and switches 11, l2, 13, 14; and 15 for insertinga resistance 16 in the armature circuit on removing it therefrom ingradations.

When the switches at and 5 are in the which may termed bi-skinpositions, a.- resistance 17 is connected in cfi sed circuit with the motor armature, a dynamic brake bei$ in this manner provided for themotor. hen the one or the other of the switches 4 and 5 occupies its upermostposition, the armature circuit 0 the motor is established forforward or for backward rotation. The switches 4 and 5 operate switches4; and 5" that are also located in the armature circuit and are rovidedwith interlocking switches IS-and 9, the lower contact terminals 20, 21,22 and 23 of which are so connected to operating magnet windings 2i and25 and the circuit that they ma prevent simultaneous energizing of thesci windings. When either of the interlocking switches 18 and 19occupies its uppermost osition, a. me et winding 26 1s energize torelease a. br e 27 for the motor armature 6, and a circuit 18 alsocomgleted through operating magnet wmdmg 8 of switch 11, independent yof other circuits.

The relay switches 8 and 9 are provided, respectively with operatinmagnet windings 29 and 30, the circui s of which are controlled,primarily, by the master switch 7 and, secondarily, y the operation ofthe relay switches themselves, the circuit connections of the operatingmagnet windin s being so arranged that when one of tie switches occupiesits upyiermost position, the other switch me not operated, the samemeans serving a so to prevent simultaneous operation of switches 4 and5. When the relay switches 8 and 9 occupy their uppermost positions, acircuit is established through the field magnet windin 10 which isindependent of that established y the master switch 7, and this circuitis maintained while the motor armature rotates at an appreciable speed,by means of retaining magnet windings 31 and 32, which are connected inshunt circuit to the motor armature by means of switches 33 and 34 thatare operated by the switches 8 and 9. The retaining windings 31 and 32serve, also, to prevent energizing of either of the operating magnetwindin 24 and 25 of the switches =1 and 5 for t e purpose of effectingreversal of direction of rotation of the motor until the motor has cometo rest, or nearly so.

The circuit of the operating ma net winding 28 for switch 11 iscontrolle by the master switch 7, while the circuits of operating magnetwindings 35, 36, 37 and 38 ot the remaining switches 12, 13, 14 and 15are cont-rolled by interlocking switches 39, 40, 41 and 42 that areoperated respectively by switches 11 to 1 1, inclusive, and that serveto connect the windings in shunt to the armature circuit. When thecounter electromotive force of the motor has risen to a predeterminedvalue, the switch 12 closes and effects 0 oration of the interlockingswitch 40, w ich connects operating magnet winding 36 in series withoperating magnet'winding 35, and when the counter electromotive force ofthe motor has risen to another predetermined value, the switch 13 closesand the interlocking switch 41 is also operated for the purpose ofconnecting the operating magnet of the next succeeding switch in seneswith those already energized, the o oration continuing in a similarmanner unti all of the switches have been closed. The last switch 15 isrovided with an interlocking switch 43 w ich connects a resistance 44 inseries with the o crating magnet windin for the purpose 0 reducin theamount 0 current that may be so plie to them after all of the switcheshave en closed.

The switches 12, 13, 14 and 15 are also rovided with interlockingswltches 45, 46 7 and 48, respectively, which are mterpq in the circuitof the operating magnet windings 24, 25 and 28 in order that they maynot he energized while the switches 4 and 5 occupy then lowermostpositions, provided any of the corres ondin switches 12 to 15,inclusive, are c osed. hese interlockin switches are provided for thepurpose 0 preventing the motor from starting with less than the whole ofthe resistance 16 in the armature circuit, which might otherwise occurif an of the switches should not operate readi y.

If the master switch 7 is moved to the right, a circuit is establishedfrom supply conductor 3, through the master switch 7 and field ma netwinding 10, to su ply conductor 2, an another circuit is al soestablished from supply conductor 3, through master switch 7, relayswitch 9, operating magnet winding 29, relay switch 19, operating magnetwindin 24, operating magnet winding 28, inberloc ing switches 45 to 48,inclusive, to supply conductor 2. The operating magnet windings29,9/15HJ1C1 28, being thus energized, effect operation of theircorresponding switches and a motor circuit is thus estab ished fromsupply conductor 3, through blow-out coil 49, switch 4", armature (i ofthe motor 1, switch 4, resistance 16 and switch 11, to supply conductor2. Closure of the switch 8 connects the field ma not winding 10 to theconductor 3 independently of the connection afforded by the masterswitch 7. The raising of the switch 18 establishes a circuit through thebrake o cratin magnet winding 26 by way of t e parts wearing thereference characters 3, 26, i8, 11, etc, and 2, and the brake isconsequently released. The terminal of the magnet winding 28 is alsoconnected by means of the switch 18 to the conductor 2&3 way of theconnections between the swi cs 11 to 15 inclusive, independently of theconnection through the switches a5 to 48 inclusive, the latterconnection being broken upon closure of the switches 12 to 15. Thesucceeding switches 12 to 16, inclusive, which are provided for thepurpose of cutting the resistance 16 out of the armature circuit, thenclose suceemivcly in the order and manner already described.

When it is desired to stop the motor, the switch 7 is moved to theposition shown in the drawing and the circuits of the operating magnetwindings 29, 24 and 28 are thus interrupted. The switches hand 11 thendrop to their lowermost ositions, followed by the dropping of switc cs12 to 15 inclusive thereby disconnecting the motor armature- 6 from thesupply conductors 2 and 3 and coxmectin it in a closed circuit withresistance 1?. he circuit of the field magnet winding 10 is maintainedclosed by the magnet winding 31 operating on the switch and the motorthen operates as a generator and acts as a d namic brake until thegenera-ted current alls below a predetermined amass iu'nount. AI cou'imrutively high ohmic re.- sistance l0 that is connector] permanently inuhunt to the field umguet winding absorbs the (.lisclmrgo when the fieldcircuit is interrupled. to its lowermost position, the circuit of thebrake nnrguct winding 26 is interrupted and the mechanical brake is alsoset.

As the switch 8 is n'mintaiued. in its uppermost position until themotor has come to rent, or nncticnlly so, it is impossible to establishn circuit t irough the operating magnet winding 25 of the switch 5 andin that umnner completethe motor circuit for reverse direction ofrotation, even though the nnister switch 7 be moved to the left of theposition shown.

It will, of course, be understood that when the master switch 7 is movedto the left, the operating mngnet windings of switches 9, 19 and 11 willbe energized and the circuits of the motor will be established for thereverse direction of rotation in a manner similar to that above setforth, it being deemed unnecensnry to trace the circuits in detail.

'I' claim us my invention:

1. The combination with a supply circuit and a motor, of switches forestublishin the motor armature circuits for forwuril and backwardrotation rc'ipectivcly, and relny switches that are actuatedindependently thereof and that prevent interruption of the field magnetcircuit while the motor operates at. greater than a predetermined speed.

9. The combination with a so nly circuit and a motor, of switches forestablishing the motor urnnitnre circuits for forwu rd and backwardrotation respectively, and relay switches that are actuz'itcd.independently thereof having operating and retaining magnet windings,the latter of which are vuer ized while the motor is in operation.

3. he combination with a en a l circuit and a motor, of switches forestub is ling the motor urn-nature cireuits for forward and backwardrotation respectively, and relay switchee that are actuatedindependently thereof havin 0 rating magnet. windings the circuits: 0' wrich are controlled by the master switch, and retaining magnet windingsthat revent the switches from return ing. to positions of rest while themotor operates at greater than a. predetermined speed.

4. The combination with a. supply circuit, a motor and n master switch,of switches for ZSiiflblifilllllg the motor armature circuits forforward and backward rotation respectively, relay switches that areactuated mdepen ently thereof, and means governed thereby for preventingsimultaneous operation of the relay switches.

The combination with a supply circuit, a motor and a master switch, ofswitches for establishing the motor armature circuit for forward andbackward rotation respectively,

As Flmll as the switch 18 has fallen relay mvitrhew that are ucluutmlindepend- "ul'ly thereof having operating magnet windings, and means forpreventing aimul- 1:1 nuous energizing thereof.

o. The combination with i: an nly circuit: and a motor. of switches for(-lll l iuhiug' tlumolor nrnmlurc circuit tor forward mid lmiehn'ul'drotation ['(EHllll'llVl-ll', und. means llull. are actuatedimlepeiulcntly thereof For preventing interruption of. the field circuitof the motor while the motor is in operation.

7. The cmnhinntion with a .-'.u )ly circuit and n motor. of.-i\\"itl.'lll$i for cstnlilishing the motor :u'nmlzuro circuit forforward and ll1-\(.'-l.\\': .l'(l rolution respectively, and menus thatare urtuulcd indcpemimitly thereof for preventing interruptim) of thefield circuit of the motor and for 1nrventing operation of the switchesfor the pur rose of reversing the direction of rotation while the motorin in opomtion.

The combination with a supply circuit. and 11 motor, of main switchesfor establish ing the motor armature circuit for forward and buclzn-nrdrotation respectively, and corresponding relay switches that areaetuotcd independently thereof which )revent operation of the mainswitches for the pur pose of reversin the direction of rotation of themotor whili: the motor is still rotating.

l). The combination with a supply circuit. and a motor, of mainswitcher: for eetablislr ing the motor armature circuit for forward andbackward rotation respectivet and relay switches that are actuated incependcntly thereof for preventing interruption of the field circuit ofthe motor while the motor is in operation and for preventing operationof the main switches for the purpose of re versing the direction ofrotation while the motor is still rotating.

10. The combination with a supply circuit, a motor and a master switch,of switches for estnblishin the motor armature. circuit. for forward onebackward rotation respectively, and relay switches that are net-outedindependently thereof having 0 er atin magnet windings that are controled by he master switch and retaining magnet windings that. are enerized after the switches have been operate .11. The combination with asuppl circuit, a motor and amaster SW1 1, of switches for establishinthe motor armature circuit for forward uni backward rotationrespectively and relay switche that are actuated independently thereofhaving 0 )erutin magnet windings that are contro led by he muster switchand retaining magnet windings the circuits of which are governed by the.operation of the switches and which prevent interruption of the fieldcircuit of the motor while it; is in operation.

12. The combination with a supplyrm cult and a motor, of a masterswitch,

wn'ifrhofi for arranging the motor circuits while the latter revolves atgrenter than n For either forward or backward rotation, predeterminedspeed.

operating magnet windings therefor, other .In testimony whereof, I havehereunto switches that: prevent simultaneous energizsubscribed my namethis 25th day of May ing thereof and establish a'circuit for the 190:").

motor field ma met winding, operating ma not windings t ierefor thecircuits of whi51 are onnlrollmlby a. nmster switch, and re- Witnesses:

HENRY 1). JA MES.

mining magnet windings that are connected U'r'ro S. SoHAnn-m, 10 betweenterminals of the motor armature BHINMY Tlmns.

